china+opium+war

** China ** ||  ||
 * ||  || ** [|Regents Prep] : [|Global History] : [|Imperialism] : **

[|[d1]] . The Chinese still considered their nation to be the **Middle Kingdom **, and therefore viewed the goods the Europeans brought to **trade ** withas nearly worthless trinkets [|[d2]]  processed from poppy plants grown in the Crown Colony of India, into China. [|[d3]] .  The British declared war on China in a series of conflicts called the **Opium Wars **. Superior British military technology allowed them to claim victory and subject the Chinese to a series of **unequal treaties** [|[d4]]  . Unequal Treaties According to the 1842 ** Treaty of Nanjing **, the Chinese were to: [|[d5]] Spheres of Influence Eventually several European nations followed suit, **spheres of influence**<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">within China which guaranteed specific trading privileges to each nation within its respective sphere. [|[d6]] <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Eventually the United States demanded equal trading status within China, and rather than carve out its own sphere of influence, simply announced the **Open Door Policy**<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">in 1899. This stated that all nations should have equal trading rights regardless of spheres of influence. [|[d7]] <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">While this may have prevented the further expansion of spheres of influences, it did little to restore Chinese  **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">sovereignty **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">. <span style="color: navy; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Chinese Reaction <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Disgusted with the failed efforts of the Manchu Dynasty in ridding China of opium or foreign influence after the Opium Wars, Chinese citizens staged the **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Taiping Rebellion **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> between 1850-1864. Already weakened, the Chinese officials turned to foreigners for help in putting down the rebellion, killing millions of Chinese in the process. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">After the further insult of the Open Door Policy, Chinese nationalist staged the **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Boxer Rebellion **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> in 1900. <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> Viewed as a threat to the profits they enjoyed in their imperialist spheres of influence, foreign nations formed an international coalition that ended the uprising. With this victory, additional concessions were granted to foreign nations within China. <span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Finally, 5,000 years of dynastic rule in China came to an end in 1911. China tumbled into **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">civil war **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> as local warlords sought to control their locals, while **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">nationalist **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> leaders such as **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Sun Yixian **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> sought to unify China <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">. Civil war took hold of China after Sun’s death as **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Mao Zedong **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> and his **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">communist **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> forces battled Sun's successor **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Jiang Jieshi **<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> for control of the country. In 1949, Mao established a communist government in mainland China while Jiang Jieshi fled to Taiwan and established a **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">democratic **<span style="background: yellow; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;"> government there <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">. ||  ||   || <span style="color: black; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; text-align: center;">
 * || <span style="color: navy; font-family: 'Arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13.5pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">Opium Wars
 * 1) <span style="background: lime; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tabstops: list .5in;">Open several ports to British trade
 * 2) <span style="background: lime; color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; tabstops: list .5in;">Provide Britain with complete control of Hong Kong
 * 3) <span style="background: lime; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Grant **extraterritoriality**<span style="background: lime; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">to British citizens living in China
 * 1) <span style="background: lime; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Grant **extraterritoriality**<span style="background: lime; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">to British citizens living in China

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[|[d1]] Why did the british enjoy tea so much that they would give away so much money for it.

[|[d2]] This was a bad idea as this caused war and would kill many chinese citizens in the future.

[|[d3]] Why did they fail, is it because britain had better equipment or did the opium ruin them?

[|[d4]] Meaning unfair

[|[d5]] This laws were unfair and caused china bigger trouble later.

[|[d6]] So did they cause trouble in china if they couldn’t be touched by the law? The spheres of influnece was used by many nations.

[|[d7]] Did they let